Cisco Certified Design
Associate
(CCDA exam cram)
The
CCDA certification is a foundation exam for testing Cisco network
design fundamentals for the small office/home office (SOHO)
market. CCDA certified professionals could design routed
and switched networks involving LAN, WAN, and dial up
access for small businesses.
The exam is of 2 hours duration and there will be
approximately 65 questions. Many questions are scenario
based. Click
here to visit official Cisco website to know more
about this certification. CCDA is a pre-requisite for
CCDP (Cisco Certified Design Professional) certification
offered by Cisco Systems.
40. Cisco uses TFTP protocol to
distribute IOS over a WAN link.
41. It is important to know the
difference between a collision domain and a broadcast
domain. When you use Hubs, all the nodes connected to
the hub will be in the same collision domain. However,
when you use switches and implement VLANs, each VLAN
will be in a separate broadcast domain. The packet
forwarding between VLANs is achieved through the use of
routing.
42. IP routing protocols can load
balance across up to six equal cost parallel links.
The "maximum-paths" command can be used
to change the number of links that the router will have
to load-balance over IP.
42. Practice your demonstration
before final demonstration to the customer.
43. Access Lists:
-
IP access list should be created with the ACCESS-LIST
command. After the list is created, it can be applied to
an interface with the IP ACCESS-GROUP command.
-
When applying access-lists, on a given interface, there
can be only one access list per protocol for inbound.
Similarly, there can be only one access list per
protocol for outbound.
An example
to remove an access list from an interface:
1. Int s0
2. No access-group 10
44. Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) 802.1d is used to prevent routing loops. In Cisco Catalyst
5000 series switches, use BDPUs (Bridge Protocol Data
Units) to determine the spanning tree topology. STP uses
a Tree Algorithm (STA) to prevent loops, resulting in a
stable network topology.
45. IPX address consists of 32-bit
network address and 48-bit host address. The network
portion of the address is configured by the
administrator. The host part of the address is the
48-bit MAC address on the network interface card of the
node.
46. ISL, 802.1Q are the VLAN
trunking protocols associated with Fast Ethernet. The
VLAN trunking protocol defined by 802.10 is associated
with FDDI. LANE (LAN Emulation) is associated with ATM.
47. Compression algorithms
supported by Cisco IOS are:
HDLC - STAC;
LAPB - STAC,
Predictor;
PPP - STAC,
Predictor, MPPC
Frame-Relay
- STAC,
FRF.9
PPP is supported by STAC,
Predictor, and MPPC. Compression algorithms supported by
Frame-Relay for payload compression are STAC, and FRF.9.
48. Data Link Switching (DLSw) was
introduced by IBM to overcome the limitations of
SRB networks. The Cisco implementation of DLSw is
called DLSw+. Benefits of DLSW+ are over SRB are:
- Link
layer acknowledgements and keep-alive messages of
SNA do not have to travel over WAN link,
- DLSw+
traffic can be rerouted in case of link failures
- Prioritization
of traffic over WAN links
49.
The permitted numbers for some important
access-lists are:
-
1-99: IP standard access list
-
100-199 :IP extended access list
-
600-699: AppleTalk Access list
-
800-899 : IPX standard access list
-
900-999 : IPX extended access list
-
1000-1099: IPX SAP access list
-
1100-1199: Extended 48-bit MAC address access list
The format for standard IPX access
list is:
access-list {number} {permit/ deny}
{source} {destination}
50. By giving the command
"show ip route igrp", we ca see the routes
found by igrp. A route discovered by igrp is denoted by
letter "I" before start of the entry.
51. 7 steps in building a Prototype
are:
- Review
the customer's requirement
- Determine
the extent of the prototype
- Understand
your competition
- Develop
a test plan
- Purchase
and prepare equipment
- Practice
- Conduct
final tests and demonstrations
52. Default administrative
distances are as below:
- Route
Source
Default Distance
- Directly
connect Interface
0
- Static
Route
1
- EIGRP
Summary Route
5
- Internal
EIGRP
90
- IGRP
100
- OSPF
110
- RIP
120
- Unknown
255
The administrative distance
(metric) is used to represent the trustworthiness of the
route. Lower the value, higher the trustworthiness. A
value of 255 represents that the route is unreachable.
53. Private addresses are described
in RFC 1918. There are one Class A network, 16 Class B
networks and 255 Class C networks that belong to private
address space. There are:
Class Type
Start Address
Stop Address
Class A
10.0.0.0
10.255.255.255
Class B
172.16.0.0
172.31.255.255
Class C
192.168.0.0
192.168.255.255
The above address range is reserved
for private use.
54. Cisco IOS supports
- Priority
Queuing is useful for time sensitive, mission
critical protocols such as SNA.
- Custom
queuing handles the queues in round robin fashion.
- Weight
Fair Queuing is enabled by default and requires no
configuration.
-
-
